and became an important element in the turn to history within legal scholarship. Another important contributor in this field deserves to be mentioned: Inga Markovits, today professor emerita at The University of Texas at Austin, a German-born American legal historian, sociologist and comparatist, who has researched intensively on the legal history of the former German Democratic Republic. Already in 1993, three years after the Reunification, she published her first book on the subject, a diary from the court in Moabit in East-Berlin in September 1990. She went to Berlin and followed theGDR-judges during the last weeks of their socialistic legal profession before the reunification on October 6, 1990. It’s a fascinating narrative regarding the conclusions of the old socialist legal system when the entire system came to a brutal end.17 It’s a recommended reading. Her second book traces the rise and fall of socialist law as reflected in the files of an East German trial court in the city of Lüritz, the allonym for the city of Wismar at the Baltic Sea.18 In 2020 she published her third book, this time on the academic legal profession in theGDRat the Law Faculty of the Humboldt University in East Berlin.19 The law professors at Humboldt had to adjust to the policies of the socialistic ideology, but Inga Markovits demonstrates the transition between the Nazi “Unlaw” and the socialistic “Non-Law”. Of course, this was not a Rechtsstaat, she argued – it could be better defined as a “non-Rechtsstaat.” The same legal problems within contemporary legal history have also been elaborated by the Norwegian legal scholar Hans Petter Graver who has concentrated his research on judiciaries under pressure and the Norwegian Supreme Court during the Nazi occupation 1940– 1945.20 127 kjell å modéer 17 Inga Markovits, Die Abwicklung.Ein Tagebuch zum Ende der DDR-Justiz, München 1993. 18 Inga Markovits, Gerechtigkeit in Lüritz. Eine ostdeutsche Rechtsgeschichte, München 2006. 19 Inga Markovits, Diener zweier Herren. DDR-Juristen zwischen Recht und Macht, Berlin 2020. 20 Hans Petter Graver, Judges Against Justice: On Judges When the Rule of Law is Under Attack, Berlin 2014; Hans Petter Graver, Okkupasjonstidens Høyesterett, Oslo 2019.
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