159 The Russians in the employ of the kamer-kollegiia were recruited from the various chancelleries and prikazy in Moscow. According to a list presented to the Senate by President Golitsyn in June 1718, thirty-six d’iaki and pod'iachie had been summoned to serve with the college.^^ 1.2.2. Responsibilities After the statskontoret (1680) and the kammarrevisionen (1695) had been removed fromits jurisdiction, and after the kommerskollegium (1711) was reestablished as an independent college after thirty years of having been merged with it, the kammarkollegium saw its principle area of responsibility reduced to the general cameral administration of the state. The college was to see to it that the established state revenues in the form of taxes and fees were maintained and that they were collected in an efficient manner. In other words, the kammarkollegium was responsible for maintaining and improving the economic base for the organs of state, and especially for the armed forces and the civil administration. The regular and certain payment of the salaries of military officers and civil servants was largely dependent upon how the college succeeded in the performance of its fiscal administrative duties. The ability of the kammarkollegiumto function was, in turn, dependent upon the local organs of fiscal administration. The provincial governors, bookkeepers, bailiffs, and the like, were the extensions of the central administrative organs out in the provinces, and it was their task to collect and to keep accounts of the state revenues within their respective administrative areas. They were also to supply the kammarkollegiumwith detailed information about the economic situation in each province, that is, how much land was under cultivation, what rents it produced, and who owned or controlled those proceeds,®” and to compile tax lists encompassing the entire population. These tax lists, or mantalslängder, served as the basis for determining the so-called mantalsrantan.^^ There was an inseparable bond between the kammarkollegium, at the center, and the local fiscal administrative organs. If the latter did not fulfill their duties according to the manner prescribed by their instructions, the college would be unable to perform its tasks of fiscal administration. And, indeed, the validity of this statement may be illustrated by the following extract from a report on the Swedish administrative system prepared by Baron von Luberas in 1719: «« TsGADA, f. 248 delo 42 11. 113—114. 1689 års instruktion för häradsskrivare 2: 6, Instruktioner /, 73. Gösta Lext, Mantalsskrivningen i Sverige före 1680 (Gothenburg, 1968), 19—20. TsGADA, f. 248 delo 1078, “Aller unterthänigste Relation iiber die vom König Carolo XI. verenderte haushaltliclie Regierungsform,” 11. 148v—149v. »0 92
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MjYyNDk=