servants in medieval swedish testaments late medieval society.34 However, what the graph in Figure 6 (p.338)also indicates is that among the group of priests and ecclesiastics, personal relationships with servants had a different development over time. There were significant differences between male and female testators concerning which servants they remembered in their written testaments. Both men and women often mentioned three or four servants, sometimes more than ten; few mention only one. Female testators seem to have been a bit more generous compared to male testators, since they gave gifts to almost one and a half (1.43) female servants per person, as a mean value, and the equivalent to male servants was just a little less (1.37); see Figure 7 (p. 338). Female testators thus divided their gifts fairly equally between male and female servants. In comparison, female testators in medieval Montpellier, France, gave almost only to female servants.35 Male testators (here priests are not included) gave only to half (0.49) a female servant per person, and to a little more than one (1.12) male servants per person, as mean values; see Figure 7. Male testators thus favorised male servants. Or, rather, what this statistic might indicate is that male testators often had more male than female servants, and, also, a closer relationship to their male servants. For priests there is yet another pattern, as ecclesiastical testators gave to a little more than half (0.63) a female servant and to more than two (2.42) male servants per person (mean values). Most priests mention only male servants. The large number of male servants remembered included sometimes also servants employed by the churches, not personally by the priests themselves. Female servants, when mentioned by priests, were almost exclusively their personal housekeepers. 340 34 Myrdal 2003. 35 Laumonier 2022, p. 328. Male and female testators
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