maria helena da cruz coelho & maria do rosário morujão the execution would pass to the juiz dos resíduos, a judge specialising in cases relating to the fulfilment of wills. The work of the executors began after the death of the testator, with the presentation of the will, which was often held in their possession. There were cases of multiple exemplars being given to various entities as a means to guarantee both the authenticity of the will and its fulfilment, entities which may have included the designated executors. This practice was most common during the earliest period of the reintroduction of the will model. In the early 1220s, there are two cases of chirographic wills in the Cathedral of Coimbra. In 1222, P. Manso, a canon, ordered his testament to be “divided by alphabet”, one of the exemplars remaining in the treasury of the cathedral and the other with his executor (fig.2).56 Shortly afterwards, in 1223, Martim Pais, cantor of the same cathedral, ordered two charters “per alfabetum divisas” to be drawn up, one of which remained in the custody of the bishop, and the other in the hands of the cantor’s sister, who was his executor.57 The two wills of the first Portuguese king, Afonso Henriques, are also chirographs.58 His two immediate successors, Sancho I and AfonsoII, also left more than one exemplar of their own wills, but they were not chirographs. In 1210, Sancho I had six identical documents made, of which five were given to the main ecclesiastical dignitaries of the kingdom and one was kept by the king himself.59 The three known wills of Afonso II were also made in several exemplars: thirteen were made of the first two, eight of the third and last. Afonso always made sure that one charter would remain in his own hands, while the others were entrusted to the guardianship of the highest dignitaries of the kingdom and, in his first will, also to the archbishops of Toledo and Compostela.60 289 56 Morujão 2010, doc. 2.12. 57 Morujão 2010, doc. 2.13. 58 Both are published by Ventura, Matos 2010, docs. 154–156. About the Portuguese royal wills, see in this volume the article by Saul António Gomes. 59 Azevedo et al. 1979, doc. 194; two of these six originals still exist in the Portuguese National Archives: ANTT, Gavetas, Gaveta 16, maço 2, n. 16 and Ordem de Cister, Mosteiro de Alcobaça, Documentos Régios, maço 1, n. 8. 60 His first will dates from 1214 and has been published several times, for example by Costa 1992, pp. 227–235; two of the thirteen initial exemplars have been preserved (ANTT,Mitra
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