the wills of the kings of portugal between the 12thand14thcenturies tween July and September 1189, of the cities of Alvor and Silves in the kingdom of Algarve. In October 1210, despite some internal political instability, no new major military conquests were anticipated. But the king, as mentioned, had his second will drawn up, which he would expand with an addition in December of that year (ds, 203). It is believable that the writing of this second will was motivated by the monarch’s illness and the conviction of the need to provide “ad salutem anime mee et ad comodum filiorum meorum et tocius regni”, as stated in the addition of December 1210.12 From a diplomatic point of view, it should be noted that both testamentary letters were written in Latin. The first testament presents an invocation (In Dei nomine), followed by the intitulatio in the first-person singular with a humility clause (Ego Sancius Dei gratia Portugalensium rex), immediately followed by a very brief expositio: This expositio, appealing to the peace and tranquillity of the royal family and the kingdom, it should be noted will become inspirational and will be repeated with variations in the wills of the kings who succeeded him, AfonsoII andSanchoII. We must remark at this point that thetopos of family and kinship is frequent in private testaments of this time. The will commends the “salutem et remedium animarum” of the legatee’s parents and relatives, predecessors, and successors.13 Sancho I’s will indeed takes the form of anotitia, beginning by listing the monarch’s legacies and the respective beneficiaries of these gifts. Both this letter and the codicil, which links to it, contain nosanctio, which is surprising, since one would expect that in an act of a royal last will, with enormous political significance, there would be room for a more elaborately rhetorical and ornate text. It is worth mentioning that the validating clauses of SanchoI’s two testaments are substantially different. In the 1188 text, witnesses are 242 12 Azevedo et al. 1979, doc. 203. 13 Barrios Martínez 2010, doc. 81. Timens, diem mortis mee uolo de uniuersis que mihi diuina pietas in potestate tradidit ita ordinare quod post obitum meum uxor mea, filii mei et filie regnum (…) in pace et tranquilitate permaneant.
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