the svea court of appeal in the early modern period 326 the characteristics that were true for the 1734 assessors are now true for the 1754 appeal court councillors. Most had built a career within the court of appeal, and only two had held positions within the royal court (hovmästare, hovjunkare, kammarherre). As for the twelve assessors in 1754, the tendency is also clear in that the core of the career was advancement within the court of appeal. Some had worked at town courts, in the Justice Revision (justitierevision) or even held some positions in military or civil administration, but all were on a distinctly judicial career.956 The rest of the century does not provide any great surprises. The presidents Johan Rozir (nob. Rosir) (1709 –1789) (1774) and Carl Axel Wachtmeister (1754 – 1810) (1794 and 1809) had not advanced within the Svea Court, but through other tasks in the judiciary, Rosir in the justice office (justitieexpedition) of the Chancery, the law commission and as Chancellor of Justice, and Wachtmeister in the Justice Revision and as Chancellor of Justice. Looking at the judges in 1774, it is evident that the overwhelming majority had made their careers within the Svea Court of Appeal. Other positions in the judiciary prior to an assessorship included the lower courts, military courts and the court which dealt with matters of the royal court and its employees (slottsrätt). After being an assessor at the Svea Court, some obtained positions at the high court for marine insurance (sjöförsäkringsöverrätt) and the Supreme Court, which was founded in 1789,957 and thereafter drew quite a few of the Svea assessors around 1800. In addition, many of the judges held positions of trust. A career in civil administration as a means to an assessorship had now almost completely disappeared with just a couple of exceptions of men who had worked at the royal court or as county secretary (landssekreterare). The years 1794 and 1809 show no significant change. Worth noting is that a majority of the judges in 1794 (14/26) and 1809 (17/23) were knighted and often members of the Order of the Polar Star (Nordstjärneorden) which, along with two other orders, had been established in 1748.958 The only somewhat different career among the 1794 judges was that of Pehr Liljensparre, who continued on an academic path after his degree in Uppsala by working as juris docens in Uppsala, thenpolit. adjunct in Turku, and returning to Uppsala as juris adjunct. He then changed course for roughly a year and became 956 Anjou, A. 1899 p. 15 and passim. 957 On the establishment of the Supreme Court, see Metcalf, Michael F. 1989. 958 http://www.kungahuset.se/royalcourt/monarchy/orders (last accessed on 5 July 2014).
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