from well-travelled – marianne vasara-aaltonen 303 860 I would like to thank Monique Fasel from the University of Amsterdam Library Special Collections for her help in gathering the information from the Van der Woude Kaartregister. 861 “Och skal föreskreffne wår Hoffrätt wara beklädd aff fiorton Personer / ibland hwilke Rijksens Drotzet altijd skal wara en/medh fyra andra af Rijksens Råd/femb af Adel och fyra andre Lärde och Laghfarne ährlige Män: Och skal Drotzen städze wara wår Præsident eller Domhafwande/ och honom til hielp en annan för Vice-Præsident,” 1614 Ordinance of Judicial Procedure, article 11, in: Kongl. stadgar, ed. Schmedeman p. 137. 862 See, e.g., Blomstedt, Yrjö 1973 pp. 34-36. 863 See, e.g., the series “Quellen und Forschungen zur Höchsten Gerichtsbarkeit im Alten Reich”, which currently consists of 64 volumes. nd ouraforementioned Court of Appeal shall be staffed by “Afourteen persons /among whom theDrots of the Realm shall always be /with four other councillors of the realm/five noblemen and four other honest men learned and experienced with the law: and the drots shall always be our President or Judge-Assignee (Domhavande) /and to help him a Vice President.”861 Councillors of the Realm (riksråd), noblemen and learned men were the basis onwhich the newly-founded Svea Court of Appeal appointed its judges. The court and its three classes were modelled on foreign examples; the parlement of Paris, the German Hofgerichte and especially the Reichskammergericht are often mentioned.862 The division into classes followed foreign models and the first class was staffed with Councillors of the Realm, the second class with other noblemen and the third with commoners, who were supposed to be “learned and experienced in the law.” This class division was abolished in 1698. Until the mid-eighteenth century, there were no formal requirements for appeals court judges, and even thereafter they were not followed rigorously. These characteristics of the court give an excellent point of departure for examining the educational and career backgrounds of the judges more closely. Research on higher courts in Europe has been active during recent years.863 Unfortunately, the Svea and Turku Courts of Appeal have been Introduction
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