ral punishment.Treatment in order to improve a criminal mind was a known phenomenon, for example regulated in the Judge’s precepts (Sw. Domarreglerna). In the second stage a few examples of prison sentences can be found in the laws as a secular penalty. In practice the thought of resocialization was expressed in the reform of the houses of correction, but to claim that this reform was the breakthrough for treatment in the prisons is to simplify the picture. During the late eighteenth century, in the third stage, imprisonment became a more standardized method of treatment.Therefore, a defined individual prevention is discussed in Sweden in connection with the reform era during the reign of King Gustav III. During the Age of Enlightenment the idea of equality amongst mankind was proposed.The consequence of this for the prisoners was improved physical conditions. Incarceration gained a more important role as a penal method in Sweden during the fourth stage in the development of the cell system in the nineteenth century. The fifth stage included important reforms at the turn of the century; Sweden confronted a very restrictive law regarding the solitary confinement of prisoners and at the same time other movements occurred and more liberal legislation was approved regarding prison care.Treatment and rehabilitation were established as the prime intent of prison care.The lack of freedom became in itself the punishment. This edition of the thesis contains a more comprehensive explanation of the partial reforms that preceded the Prison Act of 1945. In this chapter the creation of the Swedish “welfare prison” (Sw. folkhemsfängelset) is studied1930-1950.TheWelfare State became a symbol for a higher standard of living in a time when individual social conditions became improved, even for the criminals. It became the legal political ambition to adapt criminals to society during their sentence. Several partial prison reforms characterised this period of time, and the pragmatic f äng e l s et s om vä l f ä rd s bygg e 360 part i i Three studies of the treatment model in Swedish prisons 1930-1950 5 l e gal p ol i t i cal e ng i ne e r s study i Welfare State Prisons – Prison Reforms as political Engineering?
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