The limited use of coins in Jämtland was also confirmed when I analysed unequal exchanges. In connection with these exchanges, the difference was paid in commodities throughout the whole of the 14th Century, and up until the 1470s (see List Bj1in Chapter 4). One utilised an arithmetical unit of currency (the Jämtska mark) in order to establish the value of the difference, but no coins are thought to have been used. The picture of Finnveden as an entirely monetised region since the turn of the 15th Century is also strengthened through my investigation of how the difference was paid where it concerned unequal exchanges.Already during the 14th Century, payment with coins was combined with payment in commodities in connection with unequal exchanges, and from1400 the difference was always paid in money. Where it concerned loans with interest, the lender received interest and the borrower received money, which also indicates that in Finnveden, one needed and used money. Already in 1370, the loan with interest was more prevalent than the loan without interest and remained so until the sharpened rules against the taking of interest were introduced in 1442, which resulted in loans with interest being discontinued over the course of two decades.However, one cannot, as Franzén does, claim that all forms of pledge were commercial transactions, in spite of the fact that valuation and money was always in the picture. I have shown that the pledge (loan without interest) functioned almost as often as a loan to get through one’s future maintenance requirements, without a connection to either interest taking or the market. If one studies subsequent centuries in Sweden, as Sjöberg and Ågren did, there is support for this conclusion. I have studied the people who operated on the markets and those who participated in the various transactions – exchange, sale, pledge and gift – by studying who it was that executed these transactions and who it was that was the recipient of them.One of the l e g a l a c q u i s i t i o n , l a n d m a r k e t s a n d m o n e t i s at i o n 292 Man, woman or several joint heirs
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MjYyNDk=