particulars, 111-115, 120, 126, 140, 154, 297; & universals, 112-114, 126 Paulus, Iulius (2nd-3rd century ad), 570 penal code, 477, 486, 490-491, 495-497, 508-509, 609, 654655; of 1864, 605; Swedish 22: 1, 509, 512, 522 penal law, 300, 325, 335, 350, 365, 368, 384, 454-460, 467, 470, 477-522, 556, 605, 654-655; & criminalization, 471, 480, 512, 556, 654, 655; ethical justification of, 501; penalization, 300, 495; & social indemnification, 502 perceptions, 36, 86, 114, 116, 122, 132-138, 146-148, 152, 184, 194, 196, 213, 219, 250 persons, law of, 604-605; Phalén, Adolf (1884-1931), 45 n, 89-90 philodoxy, 593 Philosopher, the, 159, 175-184, 195, 198 philosophy: approach of, 24-25, 29, 438; causality, 54, 457; dimensions, 23, 25, 33; Greek influences in law, 385, 404, 563, 568; investigations, 25, 32, 35, 37, 156, 180, 201, 217, 431, 438, 441; issues, 26; perspectives, 28-29, 33, 297, 527, 572; practical, 170, 200, 206, 251, 261-262, 441; theoretical, 113, 251-252, 441; transcendental, 45, 49, 52-55, 59, 61-63, 643 Plato (427-347 bc), 166, 176, 269; “Plato amicus …”, 269; platonism, 144, 149, 271 policy, 278-279, 341, 458, 510-511, i n d e x 690 518, 611, 634, 647 political: aims, 546; legitimacy, 329; program, 43, 305, 484; support, 422, 517, 611 politics, 180, 258, 278, 297, 306, 341-342, 355, 370, 438, 460, 509, 515, 528, 544, 592, 612, 619, 638, 645, 648; legal, 258, 278, 297, 438, 515, 528, 544, 612, 648; of law, 460 Pomponius, Sextus (2nd century ad), 570 positive law, 298, 317, 333, 353, 360, 366, 372, 381, 383, 389, 390, 421, 440, 441, 442, 453, 459, 463, 472, 473, 477, 532, 538, 542, 545, 552, 555, 577, 588, 604, 614, 616, 619, 620; abstractions of, 597; & binding power (metaphysical), 581; & extralegal influences, 638; Historical School, 615; & natural law, 581, 584, 608; & organs of state, 347; principles of, 354, 528; restrictions of, 532; system, 373, 534, 551; & valid law, 551 possessio, 417 practice (in/of law): 296, 301, 316, 319, 335, 347, 354, 379, 440, 445, 448, 463, 479, 528, 532, 537-542, 548-550, 562, 564, 569, 596, 600-603, 611-612, 619, 629-630, 636, 639, 649650, 657; & applicability, 301, 447, 629 “Praeterea censeo metaphysicam esse …”, 149, 235 praetor, 571; perigrinus, 409 preparatory works, 532, 533, 542 princeps legibus solutus, 340 Principle/law of contradictions, 216, 593
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