The legal theory presented by Friedrich Carl von Savigny in System des heutigen römischen Rechts (vols. 1-8) reveals the interdependence of the ideas of Savigny, Stahl, and Georg Friedrich Puchta (1798-1846). For instance, Savigny’s understanding of the doctrine of sources is inspired by the ideas of Puchta (Das Gewohnheitsrecht I-II, 1828-1837) and the thorough theoretical analysis of law as an historical phenomenon and the formulation of the doctrine of the so-calledRechtsinstitute is inspired by Stahl (Die Philosophie des Rechts nach geschichtlicher Ansicht 1-3, 1830-1837). Savigny expressly restricts the sources of law, especially the sources of legal science, to the presently existing and valid sources of law..206 According to Savigny, law is shaped by history and under constant development, and its ultimate source is the people, for:“In dem gemeinsamen Bewußtseyn desVolkes lebt das positive Recht, und wir haben es daher auch Volksrecht zu nennen”.207 In addition, it is by means of the people in total, the socalled “Volksgeist”, that the law gains its generality.208 The direct sources of law emanate from this common spirit of the people, from which they gain their legitimacy, and accordingly law is “Volksrecht.”209 But one must remember that to Savigny et al., “Volksrecht” is the form in which law is made, and its typical forms of expression are customary law (“das Kennzeichen des positiven Rechts”);210 legislation (“das Organ desVolksrecht”);211 scientific law (“Das Recht ist im besondern Bewußtseyn dieses Standes [the jurists] nur eine Fortsetzung und eigenthümliche Entwicklung desVolksrecht”),212 in which the production of law takes two different forms of expression - on the one hand, as “das wissenschaftliche Recht”, and on the other, as “das Juristenrecht.”213 p a r t v i i , c h a p t e r 2 616 206 Savigny, System1, pp. 11-13. 207 Ibid., p. 14. 208 Ibid. 209 Ibid., pp. 14 and 52. 210 Ibid., p. 35. 211 Ibid., p. 39. 212 Ibid., p. 45. 213 Ibid., p. 49.
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