237 Only two substitutes are known. Domböcker from 1548 and 1553-54 are preserved as well as accounts of the bailiff from 1542—55. Together they provide some information about the fines and the role of the häradshövding. Östcrrekarne is the härad with the largest amount of source material. Out of its thirteen häradshövdingar., the first five up to 1440 came from the high nobility and only two lived inside the härad. All of them had substitutes, mostly coming from the low nobility and closely connected to the härad. The following line of häradshövdingar came from the low nobility, but ended with a man from the high nobility and a royal bailiff. Many came from families of häradshövdingar. Owing to the great number of preserved letters, the point of time for häradsting during the two centuries are rather well-known as well as more than 800 nämndemän (jurymen). No domböcker and only a few accounts are preserved. Therefore, there is no information about the revenue. In Aska, with thirteen häradshövdingar, one can distinguish three periods: the first up to 1416 with four men from the high nobility, two of them leading men in the härad', the second in the middle of the 15th century with two men fromthe low nobility with very long periods of service; and the third a period with officials from the town Vadstena and its convent or royal bailiffs. Accounts from 1543 reveal that in this year the revenue for the häradshövding was 354 marks. Vartofta, with eleven häradshövdingar, had only one appointed in the 14th century. In Västergötland, where Vartofta is situated, the new law of the land was not accepted until about 1390. The häradshövdingar during the 15th century all belonged to the low nobility connected to the härad and often from families of häradshövdingar. During the 16th century all the officials lived outside the härad and were in one way or an other in the royal service. In the middle of 16th century Vartofta had substitutes who warranted several härad. Accounts from 1540-52 show that fines were paid not only in money, but also in silver, oxe, horses, sheep and so on. Snnnerbo is a härad which had numerous low nobility; and all häradshövdingar as well as substitutes came from this class. Thev did not have as manv häradshövdingar in their families, but were often related to each other. One exception to this rule was an official who held a fifth generation häradshövding in his family, lineally descended. Sunnerbo has accounts from 1539—60. AGGREGATE ANALYSIS To the results from the five investigations of härad were added, for the aggregate analysis, results from an inventory of data from all known häradshöv-
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