67 lenburg-Schwerin), November 13, 1715, informing the tsar that he had found a “Holsteiner” who knew the Swedish colleges and was willing to enter Russian service—it is clear that he took it for granted that the Holsteiner mentioned in that letter was none other than Heinrich Pick. Pekarskii’s conclusion, however, is invalidated by a source dated December 3, 1714, which proves that contact with Pick had already been established by the end of that yeard^^ In view of this, then, Miliukov’s reservation about ascribing to Pick the authorship of the 1715 memorandum concerning a collegial reformin Russia is removed. Against this background, we are now able to state that plans to replace the old Muscovite administrative apparatus with a collegial organization had already emerged during 1714. Right fromthebeginningof this planning process, Peter and his associates demonstrated an interest in the organizational structure of the Swedish administration,^^^ and at the end of 1714 they contacted a German by the name of Heinrich Pick, who had previously been in Swedish service and who had knowledge of the Swedish colleges. With the Swedish administration as a model, Heinrich Pick then wrote a memorandum containing a proposal for collegial reformin Russia. Tsar Peter studied Pick’s memorandum in March 1715 and decided at that time to establish a similar administrative structure in Russia. 3. Collecting Information on the Swedish Administrative System In September 1715, Peter sent the following ukaz to General Adjutant P. I. laguzhinskii, who was currently conducting negotiations with the Danes concerning the possibility of joint hostilities against Sweden: Earlier the chancellery wrote to prince, Lord Dolgorukii, that he was to find printed (materials) about the entire establishment of the Danish kingdom’s See p. 71. According to Golikov, Peter wrote to Bruce on July 14, 1714 that “the Reval lantrat Herr Nirot (sic) has presented us with 16 books of Swedish law (here Golikov misread the manuscript, reading trav instead of prav and thus noting ‘deals with botany’ in the margin) translated from Swedish into German, which we send to you with this; so that they together with those which have already been returned to you may be translated into Russian.” See I. I. Golikov, Dopolneniiu k deianiiam Petra Velikogo (18 v., Moscow, 1790—1797), X, 179. At the same time, Peter instructed I. P. Izmailov, the military commandant at Moscow, to look for Swedes among the prisoners of war who knew Russian and who could translate Swedish books into Russian; I. I. Golikov, Deianiia Petra Velikogo, mudrogo preobrazitelia Rossii, sobrannye iz dostovernykh Istochnikov i raspolozhennye po godam (12 v. Moscow, 1788—1789), IV, 325. For laguzhinskii’s activities in Denmark, see RBS, XXXII, 8—9, and Wittram, II, 260—261; for the text of the ukaz, see 2A (no. 25), 44—45. 123 128
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