253 churches “on all holidays and Sundays for the knowledge of the parishioners. An ukaz drafted by the tsar himself followed on November 26, 1718, decreeing that, “in the gubernii, all persons in the whole administration are to be appointed and given instructions and other orders, all in accordance with the Swedish system (or change something), stated that the reform was to begin in the St. Petersburg guberniia, where the new administrative organs were to become operative as of July 1, 1719, while the transition was to be made in the other parts of the realm at the beginning of 1720. The idea of having one guberniia, the St. Petersburg guberniia, serve as a testing ground for the reform in its entirety came from Heinrich Pick, who had made this proposal in his memorandum of May 9, 1718, “so that nothing is done, which is contrary to the advantage, the nature, and the conditions of this country. In connection with issuing this ukaz of November 26, Peter drew up a list of the new local administrative positions: glava zemskoi vyshnei zemskoi sudia zemskoi d”iak” ” 149 The ukaz ” 150 ” 151 152 lants” evding” {landshövding, cial governor) {lagman, chief judge) {landssekreterare, vincial secretary) {landsbokhållare, provincial bookkeeper) {lanträntmästare, vincial bursar) provinoborlant ”rikhter lant”sekretär prozemskoi nadziratel zbor” bukgalter lant"rent”meister zemskoi kaznachei prolant"fiskal” zemskoi fiskal" provincial {landsfiskal. prosecutor) {lantmätare, surveyor) {profOSS, police constalant"meiter profos mezhev"shik starasta tiuremnoi ble) lant” kamisar zemskoi kamisar {landskommissarie, provincial commisary) {häradshövding, district judge) {landsfogde, provincial lantrikhter zemskoi sudia {lant” fokht”) crossed out bailiff) Ians ”shkhreiver podiachei zemskoi {landsskrivare, provincial scrivener) {sockenfogde, parish bai- kerkhshpilfokht ” natarius liff) Ian . . . 2A (no. 82), 80. 2A (no. 54), 63. 2A (no. 269), 223. 2A (no. 55), 63. 149
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