145 to the crown.Administration of this reduktionen fell to the kammarkollegium and to a number of commissions especially created for the purpose.-" It was not long before the positive results of this reform were made clear to the civil servants. By 1683, just four years after the kammarkollegium had informed the king “that the civil service has not received any salaries for the past few years,” salaries were being paid in full according to the amounts called for by the state budget.-' Just how important the reduktionen was for the salaries of civil servants and military officers can be seen from the breakdown of the state budget; eighty percent of state expenditures went for salaries, while only twenty percent was used to cover the cost of supplies, the reparation of fortifications, and so on.-- The events of 1680 had the character of a struggle between the estateowning aristocracy and the service nobility, which depended for its existence upon salaries from the state. Although attempts have been made to do so, it is not legitimate to characterize the reduktionen of 1680 as a bourgeois revolution.-^ The traditional economic structure remained after this reform, and indeed it could not but remain. While bourgeois groups were successful in the realization of several of their aims through the adoption of a number of legislative acts, they were unable to exercise decisive political influence.-' As a result of the reduktionen, the direct political influence of the kammarkollegiumalso diminished. Fromits position as a leading organ for fiscal policy during the regency for Charles XI, the college was now reduced to its former role as a general administrative unit concerned with revenues.-''* This was especially the case in view of the fact that the politically important task of drawing up the annual state budget was transferred to the statskontoret (estimates office) in 1690. During Charles XTs majority, the activities of the kammarkollegium were further rationalized. The instructions {instruktion) issued in 1694 prescribed a detailed ** Eli Heckscher, Sveriges ekonomiska historia från Gustav Vasa (7 v., Stockholm, 1935—1949), 1:2, 338. Rosén, 520. Edén (1941), 151. " RA, Statskontorets arkiv. Huvudarkivet, Personalst.it 1696. -•* Per Nyström, Historieskrivningens dilemma (Stockholm, 1974), 275—278, and Leif Byström, “Det borgerliga samhällets tidigare historia i Sverige,” Häften för kritiska studier, 2—3 (1976), 35—38. Merike Fridholm et al.. Industrialismens rötter. Om förutsättningarna för den industriella revolutionen i Sverige (Stockholm, 1976), 27. -5 Edén (1941), 155. 10 - Petersou
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