133 the kamer-kollegiia and the shtats-kontor-kollegiia; and the vice presidents of those colleges shall be summoned to the Senate and be sworn to an eternal oath {vechnaia prisiaga). which was broadened by the Senate to apply to all foreign officials in the service of the Russian colleges,the Senate gathered information about the foreign collegial personnel which allows us to calculate the size of that group with sufficient accuracy. The foreign personnel was divided by the Senate into three categories: category I, the foreigners who had been recruited in different parts of Europe (“po kapituliatsiiam chuzestrannye, kotorym dany patenty za Ego Tsarskogo Velichestva sobstvennoi rukoi”); category II, those who were recruited in the conquered Baltic provinces (“iz zavoevannykh gorodov, kotorym dany patenty"); and category III, which consisted of those who had been recruited from among the Swedish prisoners of war (“iz arestantov”).^®'^ Category I, the largest of the three groups, consisted of forty-two individuals.'^*^^ Most of these men were Germans, although there were four Englishmen, two Frenchmen, two Swiss, a Dutchman, and a Dane. Most of the officials in this category were hired under six-year contracts. Fourteen officials were placed in category II, including the former Swedish prisoners of war of Baltic German origin, who together with other Baltic Germans had sworn oaths of loyalty to the tsar and entered Russian service.^^^ These former Swedish prisoners were Anton Johann von Salza, an assessor from Estonia, Johann Schmidt, an accountant from Viborg, Jacob Johann Seelind, a treasury scrivener from Riga, all of whom served in the kamer-kollegiia, and Anton von Schlippenbach, a privy councillor from Livonia serving in the krigs-kollegiial^^^ All of these men had served in the Swedish military before being taken prisoner, von Salza as a captain and Seelind as a sergant. Schlippenbach had been governor of Estonia, commander of the Swedish forces stationed in Livonia, and chief commandant of Dorpat and Pernau, and of the island of ösel. Fie had then joined the Swedish forces in Poland and had been taken prisoner at Poltava in 1709. In 1712, von Schlippenbach had entered Russian service through the good offices of Prince Menshikov, and two years 2A (no. 274), 277. PSZ, V, no. 3,393, p. 717. TsGADA, f. 248 delo 654 11. 128v, 133v, 135. The Senate’s list included forty-three names. This number has been corrected to forty-two, since the Englishman Francis Colence of London, appointed a councillor in the college of commerce, died shortly after that college submitted the requested information concerning foreign personnel to the Senate; ibid., 1. 130v. Concerning the oaths of office sworn by the Baltic Germans, see Woltner, 58—59. TsGADA, f. 248 delo 654 11. 93—96v, 115—116. In accordance with this decision. ” 380 Wi n82 384 385
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